❖ The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton.

❖ They have used physics tools to develop methods that form the basis of today’s powerful machine learning.

❖ John Hopfield has created an associative memory that can store and reconstruct images and other patterns in data.

❖ Geoffrey Hinton invented a method that can automatically find properties in data, allowing it to identify specific elements in pictures.

❖ The 2023 prize went to physicists Anne L'Huillier, Pierre Agostini, and Ferenc Krausz for their work with electrons.