❖ 2024 commemorate the 75th Anniversary of the adoption of the Geneva Conventions of 1949.

❖ The Geneva Conventions are a set of international treaties that establish legal standards for humanitarian treatment during war.

❖ The first Geneva Convention was adopted in 1864 to protect wounded soldiers on the battlefield.

❖ The Four Conventions: o 1st Convention: Protects wounded and sick soldiers on land during war.

o 2nd Convention: Extends protection to wounded, sick, and shipwrecked military personnel at sea.

o 3rd Convention: Focuses on the treatment of prisoners of war.

o 4th Convention: Protects civilians, including those in occupied territories, from inhumane treatment.

❖ These four Conventions were adopted on 12 August 1949.

❖ Two Additional Protocols were adopted in 1977 to strengthen protections in both international and non-international armed conflicts.

❖ A third protocol was added in 2005 to recognize the Red Crystal as an additional emblem alongside the Red Cross and Red Crescent.